Benjamin O. Davis, Jr.
On October 27,1954, Benjamin Oliver Davis, Jr. Became The Second Person In His Family And The Second Black American In The Nation, To Achieve The Rank Of General. His Father, Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., Was The First.
Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., Became The First Black General In The Regular Army On October 16, 1940, Davis, Sr. Was Made Brigadier General. He Also Received The Bronze Star And Distinguished Service Medal.
Born December 18, 1812, Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. Was The First Black American Appointed Lieutenant General Of The United States Air Force. He Was Also The First Black To Command An Air Force Base During World War I. He Commanded The First All-Black Fighter Pilot Unit , The Ninety-Ninth Pursuit Squardron, Comprised Of Tuskegee-Trained Flyers.
The Presence Of Both Davis, Jr. And Davis, Sr. Helped To Completely Desegregate The Armed Services.
"In Order For Black History To Live, We Must Continue To Breathe Life Into It. " -- Hubert Gaddy, Jr. 
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Chuck Berry
On October 21, 1972, A Playful And Somewhat Suggestive Tune, "My Ding-A-Ling," Topped The Billboard Music Charts -- Giving Music Legend And Pioneer, Chuck Berry, His First And Only Number One Hit Record.
Born Charles Edward Anderson, In St. Louis, Missouri, October 18, 1926, Barry Was One Of The Original "Rock 'N' Rollers." He Helped Integrate Pop Music In The 1950's And Was A Major Influence On Contemporary Pop Music.
A Master Of The Guitar, Barry Influenced Generations Of Artists Including Keith Richards (Of The Rolling Stones), John Lennon (Of The Beatles), Jimmy Hendrix, Prince And Eric Clapton.
He Was Also Known For His Showmanship. His Trademark Was The "Duck Walk," In Which He Appeared To Float Across The Stage, Knees Bent, While Playing The Guitar.
Berry Is Responsible For A Number Of Rock 'N Roll Classics, Including: "Maybelline," "Johnny B. Goode," "Roll Over Beethoven (And Dig This Rhythm & Blues), "Reelin' And Rockin'," "Almost Grown" And "Sweet Little Sixteen."
Chuck Berry Was Among The First Musicians To Be Inducted Into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame On Its Opening, In 1986.
"In Order For Black History To Live, We Must Continue To Breathe Life Into It." --Hubert Gaddy, Jr. CHUCK BERRY PERFORMING "Johnny B.Goode
Live, 1958
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John Merrick
On October 20, 1898, John Merrick And Six Associates Founded The North Carolina Mutual & Provident Insurance Company, In Durham, North Carolina. The Company Has Been Called "The Greatest Monument To Negroes' Business Enterprise."
By 1992, Merrick's Business -- Now Called North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company -- Had Become The Largest Black-Owned Life Insurance Company In America, With $8.8 Billion Dollars Of Insurance Policies And $214 Million In Assets.
North Carolina Mutual & Provident Opened The Same Year That Participants In The Fourth Annual Atlanta University Conference Resolved To Urge Black Black Americans "To Enter Into Business Life In Increasing Numbers."
Today, North Carolina Mutual Insurance Company Still Stands As Oldest And Largest Black Life Insurance Company In The United States.
"In Order For Black History To Live, We Must Continue To Breathe Life Into It." -- Hubert Gaddy, Jr.
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Beverly Johnson
Supermodel, Beverly Johnson Was Born October 13, 1952, In Buffalo, New York.
In August, 1974, She Became The First Black American Model To Appear On The American Cover Of Vogue Magazine.
Johnson Effectively Changed The Fashion World's Eurocentric Standard Of Beauty And Paved The Way For Black Women In Fashion -- Including Models Like Naomi Campbell And Tyra Banks. In Addition, She Dispelled The Myth That White Women Would Not Buy A Fashion Magazine Featuring A Black Model On The Cover.
Having Appeared On Hundreds Of Magazine Covers Including, Ebony And Essence, And Making A Fortune In The High Fashion Industry, Johnson Moved Into Acting. Meteor Man, Loaded Weapon 1, Law & Order, Martin And The Reality Show, She's Got The Look, Are Among Her Film And Television Credits.
While In Her 30's She Authored Her First Book, Beverly Johnson's Guide To A Life Of Health And Beauty. She Went On To Create A Line Of Eyewear And Hair Products In The 1990's.
Beverly Johnson Was Among The 25 Black Woman Honored By Oprah Winfrey At Her Legends Ball Event In 2006. The New York Times Named Her One Of The 20th Century's Most Influential People In Fashion.
"In Order For Black History To Live, We Must Continue To Breathe Life Into It." -- Hubert Gaddy, Jr.
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Bishop Desmond Tutu
South African Cleric And Human Rights Activist, Desmond Mpilo Tutu, Was Born October 7, 1931 In Klerksdorp, Transvaal.
In 1975 He Became The First Black African To Serve As Dean of St. Mary's Cathedral In Johannesburg. From 1976 to 1978 He Was Bishop Of Lesotho. In 1978 He Became The First Black General Secretary Of The South African Council of Churches.
In 1986, Desmond Tutu Was Elected And Ordained Archbishop Of Cape Town. He Was The First Black African To Serve In This Position, Which Placed Him At The Head Of The Anglican Church In South Africa, And As The Archbishop Of Canterbury, Is Spiritual Leader Of The Church of England.
Tutu Rose To Worldwide Fame During the 1980s As An Opponent Of Apartheid In South Africa. In 1984, He Became The Second Black South African To Be Awarded The Nobel Peace Prize. The First To Win Was, Albert John Lutuli, in 1960.
In 1997, Tutu Was Diagnosed With Prostate Cancer And Underwent Successful Treatment In The United States. He Subsequently Became Patron Of The South African Prostate Cancer Foundation Which Was Established In 2000.
President Barack Obama Awarded Bishop Tutu America's Highest Civilian Honor, The Presidential Medal Of Freedom, On August 12, 2009.
"In Order For Black History To Live, We Must Continue To Breathe Life Into It." -- Hubert Gaddy, Jr.
Tutu Receives 2009 Presidential Medal of Freedom
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Fannie Lou Hamer: Speech To The DNC 1964
Fannie Lou Hamer
Civil Rights Leader, Fannie Lou Hamer, Was Born In Montgomery County, Mississippi, On October 6, 1917. She Was The Youngest Of 20 Children And The Granddaughter Slaves.
Her Parents Were Sharecroppers, And As A Child, Hamer Helped Them In The Cotton Fields. Consequently She Had Very Little Time For School, Receiving No More Than A Sixth Grade Education.
She Married Perry "Pap" Hamer In 1942 And Devoted Her Time To Her Family And Job As A Platation Time Keeper.
At The Age Of 44, She Became Fully Active In The Civil Rights Movement, When In 1962, Members Of The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Came To Mississippi And Asked For Volunteers To Help In A Voter Registration Drive.
She Subsequently Became SNCC's Field Secretary And Traveled Throughout The South With The Organization, Speaking And Registering People To Vote. While Working In That Capacity, Hamer Was Beaten, Jailed And Shot At, But Continued Her Activism.
She Was A Key Organizer Of The 1964 Freedom Summer Initiative, Which Brought Mostly Young, White, Northerners To Mississippi To Assist With Registering Black Voters.
In That Same Year She Co-Founded And Became Vice-Chair Of The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MDFP), To Challenge The All-White, Ant-Civil Rights Delegation To The 1964 Democratic National Convention.
In A Televised Proceeding, Seen By Millions Of Viewers, Hamer Spoke To The Credentials Committee. She Told The Members How Blacks Throughout The South Were Prevented From Voting Through Intimidation, Illegal Tests And Poll Taxes.
While Her Appearance Before The Committee Resulted In Two MDFP Delegates Receiving Speaking Rights At The Convention, Hamer Wasn't Impressed. She Viewed The Gesture As A Form Of Appeasement.
With Her Now Famous Words, She Voiced This Opinion:
"We didn't come all the way up here to compromise for no more than we'd gotten here. We didn't come all this way for no two seats. 'Cause all of us is tired. I'm sick and tired of being sick and tired."
In 1968 Hamer Returned To The Democratic Convention As A Full-Fledged Mississippi Delegate. There She Spoke Out Against The Vietnam War.
She Spent The Years Before Her Death Working On Grass-Roots-Level Civil Rights Causes In Mississippi.
She Died From Breast Cancer On March 14, 1977, At Age 59.
"In Order For Black History To Live, We Must Continue To Breathe Life Into It." -- Hubert Gaddy, Jr.
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